Course Overview: Physical chemists and physicists make
extensive use of mathematical models to describe natural phenomena. There is an
underlying assumption that the universe has an organization that can be
expressed as a function of certain parameters. This semester we will concentrate
on developing the models that describe the bulk thermodynamic and equilibrium
properties of matter. We will make the connection between the microscopic
(molecular level) properties of substances and these bulk properties using
results from quantum mechanics.
You should be able to use these models to predict the behavior of matter.
This means both estimating the range in which a measurement will fall and
solving mathematical story problems, using approximations where valid. A
summary list of the models and the types of systems to which you should be able
to apply them is at the end of this syllabus.
Required Texts: Barrow, Physical Chemistry, 6th
edition.
Barrante, Applied Mathematics for Physical Chemistry,
2nd edition.
Prerequisites: Quantitative Analysis, three semesters of calculus
(Calc III may be concurrent), two semesters of calculus based physics (second
semester may be concurrent).
Lectures: 10:20-11:20 MWF (HS 457)
Office Hours: HS 446: 11:30-12:30 MW, 9:10-10:10 TTh, 8:30-9:30 F
and by appointment. Phone: 424-1326. E-mail: gutow@uwosh.edu
Reading Assignments: A study sheet will be distributed approximately
weekly, listing the specific reading assignments.
Critical Thinking Exercises: Short assignments designed to help you
learn how to use the textbook and other reference sources to prepare for class.
For example, you might be asked to find definitions, compare two models and
explain when it is appropriate to use each or work through some ‘what
if’ calculations. Some in-class group worksheets will also be
used.
In general a group of these will be handed out with the reading and
homework assignments. Each exercise is to be finished for a specific class.
Since the primary goal of these exercises is to help you learn how to prepare
for class the majority of these assignments will be given out during the early
part of the semester. A copy must be handed in at the beginning of the class
for which they are assigned to get credit. They will be graded on a pass/fail
basis and are worth 5 points each. Up to 50 points may be received for these
exercises. A minimum of twelve such assignments will be given during the
semester. You are encouraged to discuss these assignments with your classmates
as well as the instructor.
Homework: Homework will be distributed with the reading and critical
thinking assignments. Homework will consist of ungraded exercises to be worked
and one graded problem (10 pts each) provided by the professor. Numerical
answers will be provided for the exercises so that you may check your work.
Treat the graded exercise as an open book, take-home quiz, which can be
discussed with the instructor but not classmates. The lowest two scores
will be dropped when calculating your grade. The goal of the graded homework is
to provide a measure of individual student mastery of problems and skills that
are too involved to be included on an exam. Please do not collaborate on these
graded problems. You are encouraged to work together on all other homework and
exercises.
Homework is due in class on the day specified when handed out. Late
homework will be marked down 10%/day. No homework will be accepted after the
detailed answer key has been posted on the class website two days after the due
date.
Exams: There will be three exams worth 100 points (plus 10 pts
extra credit). The exams will be written to be completed in one hour, but you
will be given unlimited time. The first two exams will be administered in the
testing center and the last exam will administered in a classroom at a time to
be arranged. The material requires that exams be cumulative, but primary
emphasis will be on the chapters covered since the previous exam. The goal of
this course is not to memorize formulas, but to learn how to use models to make
predictions. You will be provided with an equation sheet for each exam
consisting of the fundamental equations of each model. Additionally, you will be
allowed to bring a 3” x 5” card of handwritten
notes to the exam.
Grading:
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Critical Thinking Exercises:
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10 x 5 pts =
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50 pts
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Graded Homework:
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10 x 10 pts =
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100 pts
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Exams:
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3 x 100 pts =
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300 pts
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Total:
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450 pts
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The total points necessary to receive a particular grade are listed below.
The instructor reserves the right to change the point total downward.
A: 405 AB: 383 B: 360 BC: 333 C: 311 CD:
284 D: 248 F: <248
Assessment of Learning: As part of the department's assessment of
its majors program, evidence will be added to your portfolios to demonstrate
your ability to:
1) describe the structure and composition of matter;
2) apply theoretical and mechanistic principles to the study of chemical
systems employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches;
3) use theories of microscopic properties to explain macroscopic
behavior;
4) explain the role of energy in determining the structure and reactivity
of molecules;
5) use mathematical representations of physical phenomena.Class
Schedule:
Chapter
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Lectures
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Homework Due*
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I. Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics
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1: Properties of Gases
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9/6, 9/8, 9/11
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9/13
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2: Micro Model of Gases
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9/13, 9/15, 9/18, 9/20, 9/22
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2a: 9/20
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3: Energy
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9/25, 9/27, 9/29, 10/2, 10/4
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2b/3a:9/27, 3b:10/6
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4: Entropy/Review
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10/6
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Exam 1 (1-3)
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Monday, October 9, 2000
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II. Thermodynamics and Equilibria
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4: Entropy
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10/11, 10/13, 10/16, 10/18
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4a:10/13, 4b:10/20
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5: Free Energy
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10/20, 10/23, 10/25, 10/27, 10/30
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5a: 10/25, 5b:11/1
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6: Solutions
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11/1, 11/3, 11/6
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11/8
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7: Phase Equilibria
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11/8, 11/10(review/lab oral report)
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Exam 2 (4-6)
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Monday, November 13, 2000
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III. Applications
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7: Phase Equilibria
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11/15, 11/17
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7a:11/15, 7b:11/20
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8: Electrolytes
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11/20
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Thanksgiving Break 11/22-11/26
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8: Electrolytes
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11/27, 11/29
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No Class/Day of Rest 12/1
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8: Electrolytes
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12/4
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12/6
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17: Macromolecules
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12/6, 12/8, 12/11
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not due
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Review/lab oral report
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12/13
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Exam 3 (7, 8, 17 )
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Friday, December 15, 2000
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*The homework will generally be handed out during the first lecture on each
chapter.
Additional Resources:
WEB RESOURCES: This syllabus, copies of homework assignments and
answer keys will be available at the course web site. The course web site may
be accessed by starting at the instructor's home page:
http://www.uwosh.edu/faculty_staff/gutow/. Problem sets and answer keys will be
password protected. The username for login into the protected web site is:
p-chem I. The password will be supplied the first day of class.
TEXTS: The following books are on reserve in the Halsey Resource
Center (HS-259). You may find it useful to see difficult concepts described a
number of ways. Homework assignments will suggest sections of these texts to
look at for additional help.
Barrante, Applied Mathematics for Physical Chemistry QD455.3.M3
B37. A good review of chemical applications of graphing and calculus
Warren, The Physical Basis of Chemistry, QD475.P47. This book has
nice simplified, but accurate, descriptions of many of the quantum,
spectroscopic and thermodynamic concepts we will discuss.
Nash, Elements of Statistical Thermodynamics, QC311.5.N3. This is a
little pamphlet that very lucidly develops the underlying concepts of
Statistical Thermodynamics.
Models
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Be able to apply to
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Gas Laws
-Ideal
-van der Waals
-Virial Expansion
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Pure Gases
Gas Mixtures
To simplify thermodynamic models
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Kinetic Molecular Theory
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Gases (molecular speeds and energies)
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Quantum Mechanics
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Particle-on-a-line
Particle-in-a-box
Particle-on-a-ring
Allowed energies (Translation,Rotation,Vibration, Electronic)
Boltzmann Distribution (most random distribution)
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Classical Thermodynamics
-fugacity/activity
-Maxwell Relations
-Colligative Properties
-Phase rule
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Reaction enthalpies, entropies and free energies (ΔH,ΔS,
ΔG)
Constant pressure (isobaric) phenomena
Constant temperature (isothermal) phenomena
Heat engines (adiabatic versus isothermal processes)
Equilibria
-Phase (surface phenomena)
-Electrochemical
-Chemical
Physical changes (phase)
Mixtures
Fp, Bp, vapor pressure and Osmotic pressure changes
Donan membrane equilibria
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Statistical Thermodynamics
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Heat capacities (Cp versus Cv)
Entropy of matter
Equilibria
Chemical reactions
Physical changes
Classical thermodynamics
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Transport
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Diffusion
Viscosity
Sedimentation
Electrochemistry
Electrophoresis
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Kinetics
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Adsorption isotherms
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