Hydrogen Bromide (HBr)
Molecular Orbital Calculations
The optimized geometry of HBr, based on the Double Zeta Valence (DZV) calculation. The bond length of Hbr, as determined by the DZV level of theory. The accepted bond length for HBr is 1.4144Å, so this is within the error of that value.1
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The electrostatic potential of HBr was mapped on the molecule. Red denotes high electron density, and blue denotes low electron density.
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The Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) for HBr was calculated using DZV.
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The Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) for HBr was determined with the DZV level of theory.
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The partial charges on hydrogen and bromine are depicted.
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Table 1: HBr Molecular Orbitals and their corresponding energies and occupation numbers.
Occupation Number |
Energy (Hartrees) |
Bonding |
Molecular Orbital |
0 |
0.6641 |
nonbonding |
|
0 |
0.1362 |
antibonding |
|
2 |
-0.4349 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-0.4349 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-0.5758 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-1.0317 |
bonding |
|
2 |
-3.1933 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-3.1933 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-3.2094 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-3.2094 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-3.2094 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-7.4577 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-7.4577 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-7.4684 |
nonbonding |
|
2 |
-9.7026 |
nonbonding |
Table 2: The dipole moments calculated at different levels of theory and diffuse functions.
(D,F,L) |
3-21G Dipole Moment
(D) |
(D,F,L) |
6-31G Dipole Moment
(D) |
(D,F,L) |
DZV Dipole Moment
(D) |
(1,0,1) |
1.050075 |
(1,0,1) |
1.146264 |
(1,0,1) |
1.097927 |
(2,0,2) |
0.855275 |
(2,0,2) |
0.978206 |
(2,0,2) |
0.950998 |
(3,0,3) |
0.893857 |
(3,0,3) |
0.951680 |
(3,0,3) |
0.961316 |
F=#F heavy atom polarization funtions
L=# Light atom polarization functions
Table 3: The most accurate dipole moment value with the corresponding theoretical value.
Calculated |
0.893857D |
Theoretical |
0.827D |
Calculated Vibrational Frequency: 2635.8 1/cm
Figure 1: The potential energy of bond stretching for HBr. The three different levels of theory are all plotted on this graph.
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2012-08-09 20:37 on Mar 3, 2013.